Fiscal Balance
General government net lending/borrowing as a share of GDP. IMF WEO, 2019–2026.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook (Apr 2026) Licence: IMF terms — public data Unit: % of GDP Parsed: 2026-08-03 Open source ↗
Method: Years after the latest actual are IMF estimates/projections, not outturns.
Avg (2026)
-3.3
-0.40pp vs 2025
Improving
44
of 193 tracked
Declining
69
period over period
Stable
80
±0.5pp band
Govt net lending/borrowing
Interactive — choose a period, search a country, switch between bars, table and map.
azenha.ai/bulldozer
Trend over time
Group average by period, 2019–2026.
AmericasSouth AsiaSub-Saharan AfricaEurope & Central AsiaMiddle East & North AfricaEast Asia & PacificAdvanced / other
azenha.ai/bulldozer
Movers
Biggest period-over-period changes.
Top risers
| Entity | Now | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 🇱🇾 Libya | -20.9 | +10.2pp |
| 🇳🇷 Nauru | 13.1 | +9.6pp |
| 🇻🇪 Venezuela | 0 | +5.8pp |
| 🇺🇦 Ukraine | -18.4 | +4.9pp |
| 🇸🇷 Suriname | -4.7 | +4.9pp |
Top fallers
| Entity | Now | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 🇹🇻 Tuvalu | -1.3 | -32.9pp |
| 🇹🇴 Tonga | -8.4 | -13.3pp |
| 🇲🇻 Maldives | -11.2 | -8.3pp |
| 🇲🇭 Marshall Islands | -6.1 | -7.5pp |
| 🇪🇬 Egypt | -12.1 | -5.5pp |
By group
Change by group, latest period.
Americas +0.20pp
Middle East & North Africa +0.20pp
Sub-Saharan Africa -0.10pp
Europe & Central Asia -0.20pp
Advanced / other -0.80pp
South Asia -1.8pp
East Asia & Pacific -2.0pp
| Group | Members | Avg | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advanced / other | 1 | -1.6 | -0.80pp |
| Europe & Central Asia | 52 | -2.4 | -0.20pp |
| Americas | 34 | -3.3 | +0.20pp |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 47 | -3.4 | -0.10pp |
| Middle East & North Africa | 17 | -3.5 | +0.20pp |
| East Asia & Pacific | 32 | -4.2 | -2.0pp |
| South Asia | 6 | -5.2 | -1.8pp |
Fiscal Balance — full ranking
Every entity in this dataset, in HTML. The interactive panel above shows the same numbers; this is the one that survives without JavaScript.
| # | Entity | Govt net lending/borrowing | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | 27.6 | -0.80pp |
| 2 | 🇳🇷 Nauru | 13.1 | +9.6pp |
| 3 | 🇳🇴 Norway | 10.2 | +0.90pp |
| 4 | 🇴🇲 Oman | 5.2 | +4.2pp |
| 5 | 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates | 4.9 | -0.30pp |
| 6 | 🇱🇸 Lesotho | 4.2 | +2.0pp |
| 7 | 🇲🇴 Macao SAR | 4.2 | -0.30pp |
| 8 | 🇸🇬 Singapore | 3.3 | -0.90pp |
| 9 | 🇱🇮 Liechtenstein | 3 | +0.20pp |
| 10 | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | 2.6 | -0.40pp |
| 11 | 🇦🇩 Andorra | 2.2 | -1.3pp |
| 12 | 🇦🇼 Aruba | 1.9 | 0.00pp |
| 13 | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | 1.8 | -0.80pp |
| 14 | 🇳🇮 Nicaragua | 1.4 | -0.70pp |
| 15 | 🇸🇸 South Sudan, Republic of | 1.4 | -2.1pp |
| 16 | 🇸🇹 São Tomé and Príncipe | 1 | +3.5pp |
| 17 | 🇵🇼 Palau | 0.8 | -0.90pp |
| 18 | 🇬🇷 Greece | 0.6 | -0.70pp |
| 19 | 🇮🇪 Ireland | 0.6 | -0.90pp |
| 20 | 🇼🇸 Samoa | 0.6 | -4.1pp |
| 21 | 🇦🇷 Argentina | 0.5 | +0.90pp |
| 22 | 🇲🇷 Mauritania | 0.5 | +0.80pp |
| 23 | 🇨🇬 Congo, Republic of | 0.4 | +0.10pp |
| 24 | 🇫🇲 Micronesia, Fed. States of | 0.4 | 0.00pp |
| 25 | 🇱🇦 Lao P.D.R. | 0.4 | -1.2pp |
| 26 | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | 0.3 | +0.20pp |
| 27 | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | 0.2 | -0.30pp |
| 28 | 🇩🇰 Denmark | 0.2 | -2.7pp |
| 29 | 🇧🇧 Barbados | -0.1 | +0.20pp |
| 30 | 🇵🇹 Portugal | -0.1 | -0.40pp |
| 31 | 🇧🇾 Belarus | -0.2 | -0.40pp |
| 32 | 🇧🇸 Bahamas, The | -0.3 | +0.20pp |
| 33 | 🇵🇷 Puerto Rico | -0.4 | 0.00pp |
| 34 | 🇩🇯 Djibouti | -0.5 | +0.20pp |
| 35 | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | -0.5 | -2.2pp |
| 36 | 🇦🇬 Antigua and Barbuda | -0.6 | -3.7pp |
| 37 | 🇸🇴 Somalia | -0.6 | -0.30pp |
| 38 | 🇭🇹 Haiti | -0.7 | -0.50pp |
| 39 | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | -0.8 | +0.90pp |
| 40 | 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | -0.8 | -0.90pp |
| 41 | 🇨🇻 Cabo Verde | -0.9 | -2.0pp |
| 42 | 🇩🇲 Dominica | -1 | +0.30pp |
| 43 | 🇬🇲 Gambia, The | -1 | +1.9pp |
| 44 | 🇰🇲 Comoros | -1.1 | +1.2pp |
| 45 | 🇮🇸 Iceland | -1.1 | +1.7pp |
| 46 | 🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea | -1.1 | +1.3pp |
| 47 | 🇱🇺 Luxembourg | -1.2 | -0.20pp |
| 48 | 🇾🇪 Yemen | -1.2 | +2.3pp |
| 49 | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | -1.3 | +1.8pp |
| 50 | 🇵🇾 Paraguay | -1.3 | +0.40pp |
| 51 | 🇹🇻 Tuvalu | -1.3 | -32.9pp |
| 52 | 🇹🇩 Chad | -1.4 | -0.10pp |
| 53 | 🇧🇿 Belize | -1.5 | -0.50pp |
| 54 | 🇭🇳 Honduras | -1.5 | -0.80pp |
| 55 | 🇰🇷 Korea, Republic of | -1.5 | -0.10pp |
| 56 | 🇱🇷 Liberia | -1.6 | -0.20pp |
| 57 | 🇸🇲 San Marino | -1.6 | -0.60pp |
| 58 | 🇽🇰 Kosovo | -1.6 | -0.80pp |
| 59 | 🇨🇲 Cameroon | -1.7 | +0.30pp |
| 60 | 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea | -1.7 | +0.80pp |
| 61 | 🇪🇹 Ethiopia | -1.8 | -0.60pp |
| 62 | 🇦🇱 Albania | -2 | -0.30pp |
| 63 | 🇯🇵 Japan | -2 | -0.90pp |
| 64 | 🇵🇪 Peru | -2 | +0.40pp |
| 65 | 🇷🇺 Russian Federation | -2 | +1.9pp |
| 66 | 🇸🇻 El Salvador | -2 | +0.80pp |
| 67 | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | -2 | +0.20pp |
| 68 | 🇪🇸 Spain | -2.1 | +0.40pp |
| 69 | 🇸🇨 Seychelles | -2.1 | -1.1pp |
| 70 | 🇹🇼 Taiwan Province of China | -2.1 | 0.00pp |
| 71 | 🇬🇹 Guatemala | -2.2 | -0.30pp |
| 72 | 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone | -2.2 | +2.0pp |
| 73 | 🇹🇭 Thailand | -2.2 | -0.30pp |
| 74 | 🇨🇿 Czech Republic | -2.3 | -0.30pp |
| 75 | 🇬🇪 Georgia | -2.3 | -0.80pp |
| 76 | 🇬🇭 Ghana | -2.3 | -1.00pp |
| 77 | 🇦🇴 Angola | -2.4 | +1.7pp |
| 78 | 🇦🇺 Australia | -2.4 | +0.40pp |
| 79 | 🇲🇱 Mali | -2.4 | -0.80pp |
| 80 | 🇸🇪 Sweden | -2.4 | -1.0pp |
| 81 | 🇧🇮 Burundi | -2.5 | +0.50pp |
| 82 | 🇨🇱 Chile | -2.5 | +0.30pp |
| 83 | 🇳🇵 Nepal | -2.5 | -0.60pp |
| 84 | 🇹🇯 Tajikistan | -2.5 | -0.70pp |
| 85 | 🇨🇦 Canada | -2.7 | -0.90pp |
| 86 | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | -2.7 | -0.90pp |
| 87 | 🇸🇮 Slovenia | -2.7 | -0.30pp |
| 88 | 🇮🇹 Italy | -2.8 | +0.30pp |
| 89 | 🇱🇹 Lithuania | -2.8 | -0.60pp |
| 90 | 🇧🇯 Benin | -2.9 | 0.00pp |
| 91 | 🇧🇹 Bhutan | -2.9 | -0.20pp |
| 92 | 🇭🇷 Croatia | -2.9 | 0.00pp |
| 93 | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | -2.9 | 0.00pp |
| 94 | 🇱🇨 Saint Lucia | -2.9 | 0.00pp |
| 95 | 🇲🇹 Malta | -2.9 | +0.20pp |
| 96 | 🇷🇸 Serbia | -2.9 | -0.70pp |
| 97 | 🇨🇮 Côte d'Ivoire | -3 | 0.00pp |
| 98 | 🇲🇺 Mauritius | -3.1 | +0.60pp |
| 99 | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | -3.2 | +2.2pp |
| 100 | 🇹🇿 Tanzania | -3.2 | -0.20pp |
| 101 | 🇧🇬 Bulgaria | -3.3 | -0.30pp |
| 102 | 🇱🇻 Latvia | -3.3 | +0.70pp |
| 103 | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | -3.3 | +0.20pp |
| 104 | 🇵🇦 Panama | -3.4 | +0.30pp |
| 105 | 🇶🇦 Qatar | -3.4 | -2.4pp |
| 106 | 🇸🇧 Solomon Islands | -3.4 | -0.20pp |
| 107 | 🇹🇷 Türkiye, Republic of | -3.4 | -0.60pp |
| 108 | 🇧🇫 Burkina Faso | -3.5 | 0.00pp |
| 109 | 🇨🇩 Congo, Dem. Rep. of the | -3.5 | -0.70pp |
| 110 | 🇩🇴 Dominican Republic | -3.5 | +0.10pp |
| 111 | 🇲🇦 Morocco | -3.5 | 0.00pp |
| 112 | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | -3.5 | +2.3pp |
| 113 | 🇨🇷 Costa Rica | -3.6 | -0.20pp |
| 114 | 🇰🇬 Kyrgyz Republic | -3.6 | -3.5pp |
| 115 | 🇰🇭 Cambodia | -3.7 | -2.7pp |
| 116 | 🇳🇪 Niger | -3.7 | -0.40pp |
| 117 | 🇵🇭 Philippines | -3.7 | +0.30pp |
| 118 | 🇩🇪 Germany | -3.8 | -1.1pp |
| 119 | 🇺🇾 Uruguay | -3.8 | -0.40pp |
| 120 | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | -3.9 | +1.5pp |
| 121 | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | -3.9 | 0.00pp |
| 122 | 🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina | -4 | -1.6pp |
| 123 | 🇬🇼 Guinea-Bissau | -4 | +2.7pp |
| 124 | 🇲🇪 Montenegro | -4 | -0.40pp |
| 125 | 🇦🇹 Austria | -4.2 | +0.30pp |
| 126 | 🇲🇰 North Macedonia | -4.2 | -0.20pp |
| 127 | 🇻🇺 Vanuatu | -4.2 | -0.30pp |
| 128 | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | -4.3 | -1.4pp |
| 129 | 🇷🇼 Rwanda | -4.3 | +0.20pp |
| 130 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | -4.4 | +0.50pp |
| 131 | 🇳🇬 Nigeria | -4.4 | -2.6pp |
| 132 | 🇸🇩 Sudan | -4.4 | -1.3pp |
| 133 | 🇸🇰 Slovak Republic | -4.4 | +0.60pp |
| 134 | 🇦🇲 Armenia | -4.5 | -0.80pp |
| 135 | 🇪🇪 Estonia | -4.5 | -3.2pp |
| 136 | 🇲🇬 Madagascar | -4.6 | -2.4pp |
| 137 | 🇹🇹 Trinidad and Tobago | -4.6 | +0.90pp |
| 138 | 🇲🇩 Moldova | -4.7 | -0.80pp |
| 139 | 🇸🇷 Suriname | -4.7 | +4.9pp |
| 140 | 🇫🇮 Finland | -4.8 | -0.90pp |
| 141 | 🇫🇷 France | -4.9 | +0.20pp |
| 142 | 🇯🇲 Jamaica | -4.9 | -1.1pp |
| 143 | 🇿🇦 South Africa | -4.9 | +0.90pp |
| 144 | 🇿🇲 Zambia | -4.9 | -1.1pp |
| 145 | 🇨🇫 Central African Republic | -5 | +0.50pp |
| 146 | 🇬🇳 Guinea | -5 | +2.0pp |
| 147 | 🇲🇲 Myanmar | -5 | -0.10pp |
| 148 | 🇧🇪 Belgium | -5.1 | +0.20pp |
| 149 | 🇬🇩 Grenada | -5.1 | -0.10pp |
| 150 | 🇨🇴 Colombia | -5.2 | +0.50pp |
| 151 | 🇭🇰 Hong Kong SAR | -5.2 | -0.40pp |
| 152 | 🇮🇷 Iran | -5.2 | +0.50pp |
| 153 | 🇯🇴 Jordan | -5.4 | +0.90pp |
| 154 | 🇭🇺 Hungary | -5.5 | -0.80pp |
| 155 | 🇮🇱 Israel | -5.9 | -0.70pp |
| 156 | 🇺🇬 Uganda | -5.9 | +1.2pp |
| 157 | 🇲🇭 Marshall Islands | -6.1 | -7.5pp |
| 158 | 🇳🇦 Namibia | -6.1 | +0.40pp |
| 159 | 🇷🇴 Romania | -6.2 | +1.4pp |
| 160 | 🇫🇯 Fiji | -6.4 | -3.9pp |
| 161 | 🇬🇾 Guyana | -6.4 | -1.0pp |
| 162 | 🇰🇪 Kenya | -6.4 | 0.00pp |
| 163 | 🇲🇿 Mozambique | -6.5 | -2.5pp |
| 164 | 🇵🇱 Poland | -6.7 | +0.30pp |
| 165 | 🇸🇳 Senegal | -6.7 | +1.2pp |
| 166 | 🇹🇬 Togo | -6.7 | -3.5pp |
| 167 | 🇸🇿 Eswatini | -6.9 | -0.80pp |
| 168 | 🇮🇳 India | -7.4 | 0.00pp |
| 169 | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | -7.4 | -2.2pp |
| 170 | 🇺🇸 United States | -7.5 | -0.70pp |
| 171 | 🇧🇷 Brazil | -7.7 | +0.40pp |
| 172 | 🇮🇶 Iraq | -7.9 | -1.5pp |
| 173 | 🇨🇳 China, People's Republic of | -8.2 | -0.30pp |
| 174 | 🇹🇴 Tonga | -8.4 | -13.3pp |
| 175 | 🇰🇳 Saint Kitts and Nevis | -8.7 | +3.0pp |
| 176 | 🇧🇴 Bolivia | -9.3 | +2.3pp |
| 177 | 🇬🇦 Gabon | -10 | -1.5pp |
| 178 | 🇩🇿 Algeria | -10.2 | 0.00pp |
| 179 | 🇲🇼 Malawi | -10.5 | +1.0pp |
| 180 | 🇧🇭 Bahrain | -10.6 | +2.4pp |
| 181 | 🇧🇳 Brunei Darussalam | -10.7 | +2.7pp |
| 182 | 🇧🇼 Botswana | -10.7 | -3.3pp |
| 183 | 🇲🇻 Maldives | -11.2 | -8.3pp |
| 184 | 🇪🇬 Egypt | -12.1 | -5.5pp |
| 185 | 🇻🇨 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -12.1 | +0.20pp |
| 186 | 🇰🇮 Kiribati | -16.7 | -2.2pp |
| 187 | 🇺🇦 Ukraine | -18.4 | +4.9pp |
| 188 | 🇱🇾 Libya | -20.9 | +10.2pp |
| 189 | 🇹🇱 Timor-Leste | -51.6 | -3.6pp |
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